Alcohols are effective disinfectants for many reasons. They evaporate quickly, without leaving a residue. They are capable of dissolving lipids, which makes them effective against lipid-wrapped viral cells such as HIV and hepatitis A. They are inexpensive and relatively easy to handle, although their vapors are flammable.
Ethanol and Isopropyl alcohol are both members of the alcohol family and have similar disinfectant properties. Ethanol is the type of alcohol present in alcoholic beverages. Isopropyl alcohol is also known as Isopropanol, 2-propanol or rubbing alcohol. When used as disinfectants, both are typically at a concentration of 70 percent in water.
ETHANOL
Ethanol, also known as pure grain alcohol, ethyl alcohol or drinking alcohol, is one of the most widely used recreational substances. It is present in alcoholic beverages and has been consumed since ancient times. As a disinfectant, it works by denaturing proteins and dissolving lipids, effectively destroying many types of bacterial and viral cells. It is ineffective against spores. Ethanol is typically used in concentrations of 70 percent, because higher concentrations evaporate too quickly and lower concentrations aren't as effective.
ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL
Isopropyl alcohol, often called IPA or Isopropanol, is similar in function and structure to ethanol. It evaporates at a similar rate and destroys bacterial and viral cells by the same mechanism. However, it is not as effective at dehydrating living tissue and so is a better solution for disinfecting skin than ethanol.
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