Soluble phosphorus compounds such as zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZDDP) have been used in formulating engine oils for many years. These anti-wear and antioxidation compounds have provided considerable support to the design of modern engines.
In the mid-1900s, the reciprocating engine was identified as a major contributor of air pollution. Unburned or partially burned hydrocarbons from the engine exhaust were modified by sunlight into noxious gaseous hydrocarbons, which produced smog in some large cities. As a consequence, exhaust catalytic converters were developed in the 1970s to treat the exhaust gas and convert it into carbon dioxide and water. Unfortunately, in the years following the catalytic converter’s development, it was discovered that certain elements in gasoline or engine oil, including phosphorus and sulfur, would deactivate the catalyst by coating it. This ultimately led to restrictions on the quantity of these chemicals in engine oil and fuel.
any engine oil
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